Characterization of coal liquids derived from the Hcoal process. DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information () Holmes, ; Woodward, ; Sturm, G ...

Environmental Assessment of Coal Liquefaction: Annual Report

The HCoal process is being developed by Hydro carbon Research, Inc. under the joint sponsorship of (1) ERDA, (2) a private industry consortium composed of Electric Power Research Institute, Ashland Oil, Inc., Conoco Coal Development Company, Mobil Oil Corporation and Standard Oil Company (Indiana), and (3) the Commonwealth of Kentucky. ...

HCoal process. [Kentucky] (Journal Article) |

The HCoal process is a development of Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. (HRI). It converts coal by catalytic hydrogenation to substitutes for petroleum ranging from a low sulfur fuel oil to an all distillate synthetic crude, the latter representing a potential source of raw material for the petrochemical industry. The process is a related application ...

A basic study of catalyst aging in the Hcoal process

The Hcoal process demonstration unit run (PDU9) was carried out by Hydrocarbon Research, Inc., at Lawrenceville, The run included a 2day startup period with catalyst and creosote oil solvent, followed by 2 days with Kentucky 11 coal. On the fifth day, 6o tagged catalyst was added to the reactor.

PDF Overview of Coaltoliquids: a Historical Perspective

reaction of coal at high pressures and temperatures with hydrogen (H2) in the presence of solvents and catalysts, yielding synthetic crude oil that can be refined into liquid fuels. onsidering the great extent and distribution of domestic coal reserves in the United States

Indirect Liquefaction an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The HCoal process (Fig. ) includes a cobaltmolybdenum (CoMo) based catalyst in the first stage that is typically used in petroleum refining, and the reactor is an ebullatedbed reactor that keeps the slurry continually moving. Because the CoMo catalyst deactivated due to sintering, metal deposition, and carbon deposition, the catalyst ...

Upgrading of coal liquids. Monthly technical progress report for ...

article{osti_, title = {Upgrading of coal liquids. Monthly technical progress report for September 1977}, author = {Tan, G. and deRosset, A. J.}, abstractNote = {Secondstage hydrocracking, aimed at 100 percent conversion of low nitrogen HCoal liquid to naphtha, was concluded with studies at 500 psig above base pressure. An attempt to hydrocrack rerun HCoal atmospheric bottoms to ...

USA HCoal process and plant design Google Patents

A process that has been used for the conversion of coal to liquid products is the HCoal Process disclosed in Pat. Nos. 3,519,555 and 3,540,995 which converts coal to gaseous and liquid products by hydrogenation in an ebullated catalyst bed reactor.

Coal Liquefaction Kaneko Major Reference Works Wiley Online Library

The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction Commercial Development Historical Background 2. Indirect Coal Liquefaction Preparation of Synthesis Gas Co...

Catalyst separation method reduces Platformer turnaround costs

The objective of this work was to evaluate the applicability of commercial UOP hydrotreating and reforming processes to naphthas derived from the HCoal process. Three naphthas were studied. One was the primary naphtha generated from the HCoal syncrude operation. The other two products were from hydrocracking HCoal gas oil.

Health effects research in direct coal liquefaction. Studies of Hcoal ...

The present data reveal that coalderived distillates generated by the Hcoal process are highly carcinogenic to mouse skin. An extreme form of neurotoxicity associated with dermal exposure to one of the lighter, minimally carcinogenic, materials was noted.

How is coal processed? | Socratic

So upgrading usually consists of grinding the coal and then putting into a number of froth floatation cells and cyclones in this process, the rock particles are heavier than the coal so the rock sinks and the coal floats on the surface, The coal is then skimmed off, dried to some extent and then put in train cars. Mine mouth coal for power ...

FCC closedcyclone system (Journal Article) |

The rerun HCoal atmospheric still bottoms (Hcoal gas oil) were used to evaluate the relative hydrogenation activity of three UOP commercial catalysts. The UOPDCB catalyst, which was found to have the highest hydrogenation activity, was employed in the HCoal gas oil hydrotreating process more » variable studies.

Engineering evaluation of conceptual coal conversion plant using the H ...

This report presents the results of a technical and economic evaluation of the HCoal process and the coaltomethanol process for the production of liquid fuels from coal. Evaluations are based on capital cost estimates, in mid1982 dollars, for commercial size, selfcontained plants with a nominal liquid product capacity of 50,000 fuel oil ...

Coalliquefaction catalyst development. Annual report No. 1, April 1 ...

The fluid dynamics occurring in HRI's Hcoal process development unit coal liquefaction reactor during Run PDU10 were measured and compared with Amoco Oil coldflow fluidization results. It was found that catalyst bed expansions and gas holdups are higher in the PDU than those observed in the coldflow tests for slurries having the same ...

Methanol production from natural gas or coal

This report presents the results of a technical and economic evaluation of the HCoal process and the coaltomethanol process for the production of liquid fuels from coal. Evaluations are based on capital cost estimates, in mid1982 dollars, for commercial size, selfcontained plants with a nominal liquid product capacity of 50,000 fuel oil ...

Engineering Evaluation of Control Technology for the HCoal and Exxon ...

The HCoal process has been studied in demonstration units and on a pilot scale by HRl under sponsorship of DOE (1). The complete design of a pilot plant having a throughput of 600 ton/day of coal, has been performed by HRl Engineering. This plant fs being built at Catlettsburg, Ky. The process is shown in Figure I in schematic form.

Chemicals from coal. Interim report for HRI HCoal

Specifically, Dow is testing the liquids produced from four coal liquefaction processes (COED, SRC, Synthoil, and HCoal) in standard petrochemical processing experiments and is evaluating these results to select one process for further study, based on process design, quality of chemicals produced, and overall plant economics.

Analytical Studies for the HCoal Process

HCoal Syncrude product streams, prepared from Illinois No. 6, Wyodak, or West Kentucky No. 11 coal were obtained from the HCoal Process Development Unit (PDU) and analyzed for physical properties, elemental compositions, trace metal levels, and molecular composition.

Gasification of hydrogenation residues using the Texaco coal ...

The Hcoal process of Hydrocarbon Research was developed in a 200 t/d plant in Catlettsburg (Kentucky). The main partners participating in this project were the DOE and Ashland Oil together with other energy com panies. Hydrogenation is conducted under relatively mild reaction condi tions of 455 and 210 bar with a cobalt/molybdenum catalyst.

Hcoal process (Journal Article) |

A key feature of the Hcoal process is the use of an ebullated bed for achieving good mixing between slurried coal, hydrogen, and extruded catalyst particles. The Hcoal reactor can be modeled as a fourphase fluid bed system containing liquid, fines, gases, and catalyst particles. In order to study the hydrodynamic behavior of this gas/slurry ...

Coal liquefaction Wikipedia

HCoal process, developed by Hydrocarbon Research, Inc., in 1963, mixes pulverized coal with recycled liquids, hydrogen and catalyst in the ebullated bed reactor. Advantages of this process are that dissolution and oil upgrading are taking place in the single reactor, products have high H/C ratio, and a fast reaction time, while the main ...

Coal Processing an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Maintenance management is an essential part of effective operation of a coal preparation plant. The key metric is: overall equipment effectiveness can be applied to any coalprocessing facility to measure and sustain performance. The maintenance management system consists of a framework of 3M: man, machine and methods.

(PDF) An Overview of Coal Hydrogenation ResearchGate

• The Hcoal process differs from other processes in that the coaloil slurry comes in direct contact with a catalyst in the reactor. • Five major steps are involved In the H Coal process:

Physical and chemical behavior of liquefied coal in solids separation ...

The interaction of coalderived liquids with precoat materials was studied using the product oil filtrate from the liquefaction of an Illinois No. 6 Coal in the HCoal process. A study was initiated to determine the effect of precipitation inducing solvents on the filtration of a product oil slurry produced from a Kentucky No. 9 Coal in the SRC ...

The HCoal Process NASA/ADS

The HCoal Process pilot plant, located at Catlettsburg, Kentucky, is designed for two modes of operation: (1) to process 600 tons of coal per day to produce 1,820 barrels of fuel oil containing no more than wt % sulfur from coal containing more than 3 wt % sulfur (fuel oil mode), and (2) to process 200 tons of coal per day to produce 705 barrels per day of synthetic crude (syncrude mode ...

Review and evaluation of residue carbonization in the Consol Synthetic ...

Solidliquid separation underflow (SLSU) and solvent from a hydroextraction process were carbonized at 900/sup 0/F in an inert atmosphere at pressures up to 400 psig. Vacuum still bottoms from the HCoal process were pyrolyzed at 1100/sup 0/F in a methane atmosphere at 400 psig.

Coal to Liquids Technologies | SpringerLink

The HCoal process was a starting basis for subsequent process development sponsored by the US DOE over about three decades time. A principal focus of this longterm project was RD of catalysts that were tolerant of, and would not be rapidly deactivated by, coalderived mineral matter in the reactor. Typical early catalysts showed rapid ...

PDF CLEANER COAL TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMME National Energy Technology Laboratory

the USA at the same time: the Exxon Donor Solvent (EDS) process and the HCoal process. The distinguishing feature of the EDS process was a separate solvent hydrogenation step to carefully control the hydrogen donor characteristics of the solvent, and the most important feature of the HCoal process was its use of an ebullated bed reactor.

Breckinridge Project, initial effort. Report II ...

The coal conversion process to be used is the HCOAL process, which is in the pilot plant testing stage under the auspices of the US Department of Energy at the HCOAL Pilot Plant Project near Catlettsburg, Kentucky. The preliminary plans for the commercial plant are for a 18,140 metric ton/day ...

Division of coal spontaneous combustion stages and selection of ...

The main gas components produced in the process of coal oxidation and spontaneous combustion include CO, CO 2, CH 4, C 2 H 4, C 2 H 6, and C 2 H 2. Among them, coal reacts with oxygen at ordinary temperatures to produce CO, CO 2, and CH 4 as well as including coal analysis. In the part of the index gas detection experiment, the aforementioned ...

HCoal Pilot Plant. Volume I. 1. 0

HCoal, a catalytic hydroliquefaction process developed by Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. for conversion of coal to highquality, clean liquids, has advanced to the stage of commercial evaluation with the construction in Catlettsburg, Kentucky of a 600 ton/day pilot plant which will produce up to 2,500 barrels per day of liquid product.

Coal explained Mining and transportation of coal Energy ...

Mining coal. Coal miners use large machines to remove coal from the earth. Many coal deposits, called coal beds or seams, are near the earth's surface, but others are deep mining methods allow coal miners to easily reach most of the nation's coal reserves and to produce about three times more coal in one hour than in 1978.